To study and draw the characteristics of rectifier filter circuit. E ective v ripple mv peak v ripple mv calculated 12. Zener diode examples and circuit analysis book pdf by. How is a zener diode fabricated so as to make it a special purpose diode.
Voltage regulator using zener diode physics astronomy project topics, physics science fair projects, pyhsical science, astrology, planets solar experiments for kids and also organics physics science ideas for cbse, icse, gcse, middleschool, elementary school for 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and high school students for the year 2016. Explain zener breakdown and describe the use of a zener diode as a voltage regulator. V z0 is the voltage at which the straightline approximation of the iv characteristic intersects. Semiconductor diode iv characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier. Coed school kolar road bhoapl department of physics project report investigatoryproject on pn junction and diodes project report submitted by govind patel submitted to mrs ratna hajela registerationno. To study and draw the characteristics of half wave and full wave rectifiers. The vi characteristic of zener diode indicates that characteristic of zener diode in forward bias is same as pn junction diode.
Learning does not mean only gaining knowledge about facts and principles rather it is a path which is informed by scientific truths, verified experimentally. To draw the characteristics curve of a zener diode and to determine its reverse break down voltage. Pn junction diode characteristics experiment edunovus online smart practicals duration. A zener diode allows current to flow from its anode to its cathode like a normal semiconductor diode, but it also permits current to flow in the reverse direction when its zener voltage is reached. The reverse breakdown of a pn junction may occur either due to zener effect or avalanche effect. Jan 11, 2017 experiment zener diode characteristic curve and break down voltage 12th cbse. To draw the iv characteristic curve of the given zener diode in reverse bias. Many diodes described as zener diodes rely instead on avalanche breakdown.
A zener diode is one in which the reverse breakdown occurs due to electron quantum tunneling under high electric field strength called zener effect. Zener diode, voltmeter 02volt, voltmeter 030 volt, miliammeter, micro ammeter, variable source 02 volt and 030 volt. Learning does not mean only gaining knowledge about facts and principles rather it is a path which is. The experiment is continued till the milliammeter shows a large deflection while the voltmeter reading remains a constant, indicating the break down voltage. To draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and. Question 4 explain how the characteristic curve of a 24 volt zener diode as plotted by a curve tracer di. At the minimize off voltage, it conducts to large values of cutting. Basic electronics notes on vi characteristics of zener diode.
Explain briefly, with the help of a circuit diagram, how a pn junction diode works as a half wave rectifier. Voltage regulator converts an unregulated dc voltage into a constant regulated dc voltage using zener diode. The zener diode has a unique property that offers a simple, lowcost solution to this problem. Zener diode is a reversebiased heavilydoped pn junction diode which operates in the breakdown region. Basic zener regulator analysis procedure step 1 determine the state of the zener diode by removing it from the network and calculating the voltage across the resulting open circuit. To draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage. The circuit symbol of zener diode is as shown in the figure. The zener voltage is an essential parameter for choosing a zener diode for particular voltage regulation application. To draw the vi characteristic of zener diode and to determine zener breakdown voltage. A diode can be defined as the fundamental electronic component that allows the flow of electricity in one direction only. For example, a dc motor can produce a surge voltage because it continues to.
Part of made in india, design innovation workshop,2015 a fresh new experience in project. A characteristic zener diode for general purpose electronic circuits has the power rating of 500mw, bzx55 zener diode series or the larger 1. Feb 01, 2018 to study the characteristics of a zener diode, class 12, physics experiment. Zener diode as a voltage regulator working principles byjus.
If you have any query regarding cbse sample papers for class 12 physics paper. A zener diode is constructed for operation in the reverse breakdown re gion. Paper 3 of solved cbse sample paper for class 12 physics is given below with free pdf download solutions. The zener diode mainly operates in reverse biased condition. Zener diode is a pn junction diode specially designed to operate in. Thus the load voltage remains at constant by altering the current flow through the zener diode. Experiment zener diode characteristic curve and break down voltage 12th cbse. Zener diode, resistors, power supply, multi meter circuit diagram. Experiment data this section consists of both the expected and measured experiment results of the zener and regulator power supplies.
Voltage regulation using zener diodes bryan witherspoon november 8, 2008 abstract in digital or mixedsignal applications, there is a need to precisely regulate the voltage entering or exiting a circuit. A zener diode is a special type of device designed to operate in the zener breakdown region. The zener diode working principles and its various. Breakdown voltage is also known as zener knee voltage. For complete syllabus please refer to cbse class 12 board website. Zener diode symbol zener diode circuit zener diode vi characteristics zener diode working zener diode applications faqs. These physics lab manual may be freely downloadable and used as a reference book. The zener breakdown voltage is the minimum reverse biased voltage below which the diode blocks the reverse. Jun 17, 2015 physics investigatory project on zener diode as a voltage regulator 1. Zener diodes are simple and useful devices for building voltage regulator circuits, but are times when you may have to improvise in the absence of the proper zener diode. It is acting as normal diode while forward biasing. The experiments in this laboratory exercise will provide an introduction to.
Zener diode experiment the zener diode mainly operates in reverse biased condition. The p and n regions are heavily doped and are separated by a very narrow neutral region q. The dc output voltage remains constant when the input varies within the limits as voltage regulator is used. Class 12 physics lab manual work ncert study rankers. The zener diode is a unique sort of diode having a sharp reduce off voltage for the duration of reverse biasing. To draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to. Zener diode is a pn junction diode specially designed to operate in the reverse biased mode. It is a diode specially designed to operate in reverse breakdown region. The zener breakdown voltage is the minimum reverse biased voltage below which the diode blocks the reverse current through it and above. This may moreover have an effect on the proper functioning of the digital tool.
Diodes which are designed with adequate power dissipation capabilities to operate in the break down region are called as break down or zener diodes. To plot the vi characteristics of a zener diode in reverse wise. Cbse sample papers for class 12 physics paper 3 cbse tuts. Basic electronics notes on vi characteristics of zener. Cbse physics lab manual for class 12 pdf download 10. By using an led and a zener diode we can create a circuit which gives turns on. Physics investigatory project on zener diode as a voltage regulator 1. Explain how normal diodes might be used as crude substitutes for a zener diode in the following circuit. The constant vz developed across the diode can then be applied to a load. Function of zener diode in voltage regulator abstract the strength property which we use may not be capable to grant us normal voltage. When forward biased voltage is applied to the zener diode it allows large amount of electric current and blocks only a.
To see the circuit diagram, click on the showhide circuit diagram check box seen inside the simulator window. Both types are used with the zener effect predominating under 5. Led, photodiode, solar cell and zener diode and their characteristics, zener diode as a voltage regulator. Zener diodes when we first talked about practical diodes, it was mentioned that a parameter associated with the diode in the reverse bias region was the breakdown voltage, v br, also known as the peakinverse voltage piv. Dec 02, 2016 to draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage. The critical parameter of this type of diodes is the zener breakdown voltage. Previous year cbse class 12 physics board sample prelim. Zener diode based integrated filters, an alternative to traditional emi filter devices by lepkowski and johnson power switching, sudden load changes or a short circuit fault in the power distribution system.
Class12 cbse board zener diode learnnext offers animated video lessons with neatly explained examples, study material, free ncert solutions, exercises and tests. By using an led and a zener diode we can create a circuit which gives turns on the led when a voltage exceeds a certain value. Physics investigatory project on zener diode as a voltage. Zener effect dominates at reverse voltages less than 5 volt whereas avalanche effect dominates above 5 v. To draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to determine its. Function of zener diode in voltage regulator seminar. In reverse bias, a negligible constant current flow through the zener diode but the current becomes abruptly large at certain voltage. Zener diode as a voltage regulator working principles. The zener diode working principles and its various applications. Dec 18, 2018 b zener diode is used as a voltage regulator. Why is meterbridge reading used to get values at the middle of the bridge. Zener diode characteristics in the forward region, the zener diode acts like a regular silicon diode, with a 0.
Class12 section contents certificate acknowledgement introduction applications summary bibliography certificate this is to certify that this project has been made by of class xii on zener diode under the guidance of our physics teacher ms and has been completed successfully. Zener diode as a voltage regulator zener diode is a silicon semiconductor with a pn junction that is specifically designed to work in the reverse biased condition. Zener diodes acts like normal pn junction diodes under forward biased condition. Physics practical class 12 all study guide at one place. Sep 10, 2016 pn junction and zener diode 12 class project. We use zener diodes for voltage regulation and voltage stabilisation. Draw iv characteristics of zener diode and explain the significance of breakdown voltage. Observation of characteristics of a zener diode debangshu mukherjee bs. To study the characteristics of a commonemitter npn or pnp transistor and to find out the values of current and voltage gains. Zener diodes are normal pn junction diodes operating in a reversebiased condition. Cbse physics lab manual class 12 chapters wise download here in pdf format. Zener diode is nothing but a single diode connected in a reverse bias mode and zener diode can be connected in reverse bias positive in a circuit as shown as picture.
Draw the reverse characteristics of zener diode and determine its break down voltage. You diodes will use the bit bucket breadboarding system to build and test several dc and ac diode circuits. Working of the zener diode is similar to a pn junction diode in forwarding biased condition, but the uniqueness lies in the fact that it can also conduct when it is connected in reverse bias above its thresholdbreakdown voltage. It is due to breaking up of the covalent bonds due to very high intensity. The 500mw, bzx55 series zener diodes are generally available in the range varying from 2. A zener diode is constructed for operation in the reverse breakdown region. Diodes overview diodes are mostly used in practice for emitting light as light emitting diodes, leds or controlling voltages in various circuits. Zener diode working with circuit diagram and applications. It also permits the current to flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is above a certain value known as the breakdown voltage. But zener breakdown voltage occurs when the reverse bias voltage is greater than a predetermined voltage. This was a bad thing before the whole avalanche breakdown, large current.
Zener diodes the simplest of all voltage regulators is the zener diode voltage regulator. They provide a lowcost and no frill method for voltage regulation. When forward biased, it behaves like a normal signal diode, but when the reverse voltage is applied to it, the voltage remains constant for a wide range of currents. Experiment zener diode characteristic curve and break down. Jan 02, 2019 the page describes the experiments for determining zener voltage. A zener diode with small reverse breakdown voltage of about 6 volts, i.
A zener diode is a special diode that is optimized for operation in the breakdown region. A zener diode, a power supply with potential divider, resistance of 125 ohm, a milliammeter, a voltmeter, connecting wires, oneway key etc. Class 12 cbse board zener diode videos, ncert solutions. It means that a zener diode can be used as an alternate current path. We hope the cbse sample papers for class 12 physics paper 3 help you. A zener diode is a heavily doped silicon crystal diode which allows current to flow in the forward direction in the same manner as an ideal diode. With the help of a labeled circuit diagram explain the working of full wave rectifier and draw the input and output waveforms. The relationship is obtained by applying kvl and it is vs vg r im. What are some common questions asked in viva in the cbse. Please refer laboratory manual class xi ncert experiment3. Exp7 to draw characteristics of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage.
Zener diode as voltage regulator and its vi characteristics. Connections can be made as seen in the circuit diagram by clicking and dragging the mouse from one connecting terminal to the other connecting terminal of the devices to be connected. The vi characteristics of a zener diode can be divided into two parts i forward characteristics. Voltage regulator using zener diode physics astronomy.
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